FRANCE. Owing to the forty years of Muslim domination of the southern part of the country during the eighth century, France came into contact with […]
Archives
FITNAH
FITNAH. The Arabic root f-t-n means “burn.” It is used also of melting gold or silver with fire, to try them. Hence it is both […]
FIDA’IYAN-I ISLAM
The religio-political organization known as the Fida’iyan-i Islam (Devotees of Islam) was created in 1945 in Tehran by Sayyid Mujtaba Navvab Safavi. Born in 1923, […]
FEZ
The city of Fez in northern Morocco is the most prominent legacy of the Islamic Idrisid Dynasty (788974 CE). The first capital and Islamic spiritual […]
Chicken Liver and Mushroom
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Abdumalik Bahori
Abdumalik Bahori (March 22.1927-Dec.3 ,2010)was children poet and the first Tajik fiction writer. He was born in the middle-class family who worked in the field […]
FEMINISM
FEMINISM. This article examines the feminism, or more precisely feminisms, Muslim women have created as independent agents to redefine their own lives as women, countering […]
FEDERATION OF ISLAMIC ASSOCIATIONS
FEDERATION OF ISLAMIC ASSOCIATIONS. Formed through the efforts of firstgeneration American-born Muslims, mostly of Syrian and Lebanese origin, the Federation of Islamic Associations was created […]
FEDERATION NATIONALE DES MUSULMANS DE FRANCE
FEDERATION NATIONALE DES MUSULMANS DE FRANCE. Founded on 3o November 1985 “to act officially for the Muslims in France and to protect them,” the Federation […]
FATWA
FATWA. [To describe the role of fatwa as an instrument of religious law this entry comprises three articles. Concepts of Fatwa Process and Function Modern […]