Category: Encyclopedia

NIQABAH

NIQABAH. The common contemporary Arabic for any association of those who earn their living by practicing a common profession or a profession within a common […]

NI`MATULLAHIYAH

NI`MATULLAHIYAH. Beginning as a Sunni Sufi order in the fourteenth century in southeastern Iran, the Ni’matullahiyah became Sh!’! in the fifteenth century. It established itself […]

NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES

NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES. Islamic journalism takes two forms: first, in general newspapers (Ar., jaridah, sahifah; Tk., gazete; Pers., ruznamah) and magazines with certain sections or […]

NAWRUZ

NAWRUZ. Literally “New Day,” Nawruz may be regarded as the foremost Iranian national festival. Although its origins are obscure, it is clear that it developed […]

NAHDAH

NAHDAH. The Arabic word nahdah may be translated “rising,” “awakening,” “revival,” or “renaissance” and refers commonly to the revival, or renaissance, of Arabic literature and […]

MUSTAFA, SHUKRI

MUSTAFA, SHUKRI (1942-1978), Egyptian Islamist militant who worked for the moral reformation of society. The Islamist movement in Egypt is characterized by internal divisions. The […]

MUSTAI`AFUN

MUSTAI`AFUN. Revolutions tend to popularize egalitarian, romantic, and utopian ideas that often mesmerize the masses. In revolutionary Iran, Ayatollah Ruhollah al-Musavi Khomeini (d. 1989) popularized […]

MUSLIM WORLD LEAGUE

MUSLIM WORLD LEAGUE. Founded in All 1381/1962 CE at the height of the Egyptian-Saudi political crisis, the Muslim World League (Rabitat al-`Alam al-Islam!) was the […]

MUSLIM-CHRISTIAN DIALOGUE

MUSLIM-CHRISTIAN DIALOGUE. Intentional, structured encounters between Muslims and Christians are generally termed “Muslim-Christian dialogue.” Interfaith dialogue is a conversation in which two or more parties […]