SLAVERY

SLAVERY. A prevalent institution of the Islamic world throughout its history, slavery (`ubudiyah, riqq) had a crucial influence on societies and cultures of Islam. Slavery […]

SIRHINDI, AHMAD

SIRHINDI, AHMAD (26 June 1564-10 December 1624), eminent Indian Sufi whose ideas shaped the second or Mujaddidi- phase of the Naqshbandi order. Sirhindi was born […]

Şinasi, İbrahim

Şinasi, İbrahim (5 August 1826 – 13 September 1871), Turkish journalist. Şinasi is one of the more enigmatic figures of Turkish intellectual history. Despite his […]

SIN

SIN. In the Qur’an several words are used for sin, a breach of the laws and norms laid down by a religion, including dhanb, 1thm, […]

SIBACI, MUSTAFA AL

SIBACI, MUSTAFA AL- (1915-1964), Syrian political thinker, educator, and founder of the Muslim Brotherhood in Syria. Born in Homs, al-Siba’i came from a prominent family […]

SHRINE

SHRINE. The Arabic term qubbah (a tomb surmounted by a dome) refers throughout the Muslim world to saints’ shrines and mausoleums and places of special […]

SHIRK

In Islam, shirk  is the sin of practicing idolatry or polytheism, i.e. the deification or worship of anyone or anything other than the singular God, […]

SHI`I ISLAM

SHI`I ISLAM. [This entry comprises two articles. The first provides a historical overview of the Shi `ah, the partisans of ‘Ali; the second traces the […]

SHAYKHIYAH

SHAYKHIYAH. A branch of Twelver Shiism, Shaykhiyah is named after Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa’Y (1753-1826), a theologian born in Bahrain. Ahsa’f had a predisposition for mystical […]