HAKIM, MUHSIN AL- (1889-1970), most widely followed ShN mujtahid (interpreter of Islamic law) of the 1960s. Sayyid al-Hakim was born in Najaf, Iraq, into the […]
Tag: encyclopedia
HAJJ
HAJJ. Unique among the world’s great pilgrimages, the hajj is in many ways also the most important. Even compared to the ancient and highly developed […]
HA’IRI YAZDI, `ABD AL-KARIM
HA’IRI YAZDI, `ABD AL-KARIM (1859-1936), the most prominent teacher among the `ulama’ (community of religious scholars) in the city of Qom from 1921 to 1936. […]
HADITH
HADITH. In Islam hadith is the term applied to specific reports of the prophet Muhammad’s words and deeds as well as those of many of […]
HADARAH
HADARAH. The classical Arabic word haddrah, which connotes a sedentary lifestyle in either city or countryside, is used as a technical term for “civilization” in […]
GULF STATES.
GULF STATES. Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates stand at the intersection of several major currents in contemporary Islamic affairs. The 1978-1979 revolution […]
GUILDS
GUILDS once played a decisive role in the life of Arab cities in various ways: economically, they controlled production and trade; socially, they provided a […]
GUARDIANSHIP
GUARDIANSHIP. The term walayah (guardianship) literally means having “contiguity to something.” The root is frequently found in Islamic religious thought: walis are “proteges” of God, […]